Paper-making method



March 21, 1939.

HEATER FILLER IF HEATER Z 10 CHEST 13 JORDAN J. A. REITZEL PAPER-MAKING METHOD Filed July 31, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 j LINER 3Z JORDAN MACHINE 34 CHEST REFINED 63 TC H BOX SAVE RLL fizz/035 f: Jame? (Z fieje,

30 $12: J1 HEATE March 21, 1939- J. A. REITZEL 2,151,357

' PAPER-MAKING METHOD Filed July 51, 1936 :5 SheetsSheet 2 JFK/6%. amee afiz i March 21, 1939. J, REWZEL 2,151,357

PAPER-MAKING METHOD Filed July 31, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 21, 1939 llNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2.1151351 PAPER-MAKING mz'rnon James a. Reitlel, Morris. m, assignmto Morris Paper Mills, Chicago, IlL, a corporation of Illinois Application July 31, 1936, SerialNo. 93,538

1 claim. (01. 92-38) These and other objects will be observed upon' u 'a consideration of the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a flow sheet-and diagrammatic view of a paper-making process conducted in accordance with the present invention;

1!'lg .j2; isxa side view of apreferred form of paper machine for car yin out the process of the' invention; and isan-end viewof the'device shown in "Fig.2.ra v I In the p notion of paper it 'is customary to supply the materials from which the paper fibres are produced to a beater in which the ma- 30 terial is disintegrated and the fibres are partially fibrosis passed through a refining process and finally into. a paper. machine in which the slurry 'isdepositedi'uporiaperforated member which 35 drains the water away and leaves a web. The

web is picked up by a traveling felt and sub- ,Jected to a finishing process, whichincludes dryingthe residual water from the web. Customarily, a number of web-forming devices are employed and the webs produced on the several devices are laminated together ,while in a wet condition'. This is true in particular where a heavy paperproduct-such as paperboard is produced. In manycases the composite product willlnclude 45 several filler layers and inner and/or outer liners. The present invention contemplates in particular the use of paper-making equipment of the drum type in which a drum partially is submerged in the slurry oi fibre,the' drum having as 50 its cylindrical portion a fine mesh screen. A device of this type is indicated in Figs. 2 and 3. For clarity, onlysso much of the apparatus is shown as is necessary for understanding in the invention, it being understood that the equiphydrated. Thereafter, the slurry of hydrated To illustrate the improved process Fig. 1 represents a flow sheet in which there are two webforming drums for producing a filler and an outer liner. Ordinarily, a, larger number than this will be employed and the pocess will be extended to include these additional machines.

The fibrous materials from which the filler is to be produced are introduced into the beater l0 along with the requisite amount of water from the line H. The beater is run until the proper m disintegration and hydration are obtained, suitable chemicals such as alum and sizing being added in sufllcient time to obtain a thorough mixture with the fibres. From the beater the slurry is introduced through line I! in a stud. chest l3 which acts as a reservoir. In many cases this stuff chest will serve for several beaters, producing slurry from the same type of materials.

From the stat! chest the paper slurry is introduced through line it into a Jordan l5, this Jordan acting to further hydrate and refine the fibrous materials contained in the paper, the refined slurry from the Jordan passing through line It into a. machine chest ll. Ordinarily, the

paper slurry will contain about 3 per cent of fibrous-material in the condition in which it reaches the machine chest. From the machine chest the refined paper slurry passes through line l8 into a paper machine head box l 8. Ordinarily, some additional water will be added to the slurry in the head box from line 20; the fibrous content of the slurry being reduced to the order of 2 per cent. This slurry is heavier than is desirable for the paper-making machine and after passing through line 2i into a mixing box 22 the slurry is reduced in concentration to about 0.5 per cent, the diluted slurry passing through line 23 into a tank 24 in which the web-forming drum 2! partially is submerged. The ends of the drum 2! are closed to the slurry in the tank 24 and the drum rotates in the direction shown by the arrow. The slurry irisidethe tank 24 is at a higher level than the waterinside drum 25 and this'diilerence in head causes the water in the slurry to pass through the openings in the wire mesh which covers the drum, thereby "depositing a continuous layer of fibrous materialson the drum. This continuous layer comes in contact with a traveling felt 26 andthe latter carries the web forward. 5

The liner is formed in -a' 'manfiei siinilar to so that described with respect the""filler. 'The materials from which the lineris produced are added to beater 21 along with the requisite amount of water, the latter being added to the 5 beater through line 28. From the beater 21 the hydrated and disintegrated slurry passes through line 29 to a stuff chest 38. The stuff chest 88 delivers the siurry through line 2| to a Jordan 82 where the paper fibre is further hydrated and refined. From the Jordan the refined paper stock passes through line 8 8 to a machine chest 84 and fromv this machine chest the slurry passesthrough line 85 to a paper machine head box 88. The consistency of the. stock in the head box may be reduced by water introduced through line. 81. A line 88 carries the paper stock from the machine head box to a mixing box 88. The consistency of the stock in the mixing box is further reduced by the mixing of water-through line 48. From the mixing box 39 the diluted paper stock passes through line 4| to a tank 42, in which is understood that the combined web subsequently is handled in the usual manner for producing a finished paper, including the steps of taking the web off the felt and passing it through a drying process.

The fibres from which the paper is produced are hydraulically deposited on the drums 25 and 48 in interlocked relationand when the web is picked up by the felt some of the fibres remain attached to the drum. If. these attached flbres are allowed to accumulate the screens on the drums areat least partially stopped up and the ticular importance and will be described. more fully with reference to Figs. 2 and 3 hereafter.

The felt 28 likewise picks up fibres during the period of its contact with the newly formed paper web and the accumulation of such fibres is ob-' jectionable. Forthis reason the felt is passed adjacent a shower 48 on its return travel. This shower generally consists of a stationary perforated pipe to which fresh water is supplied through a line 48. The water from the felt shower falls into a receiving trough 58 and is transferred therefrom to a sewer or other suitable source of disposal through line This water is relatively clean, since the amount of impurities picked up from the felt is small, and disposal of thewater offers substantially no problem from the standpoint of sanitation or stream pollution.

The water which passes through the drum .in'theprocess of depositing the paper fibres and washing system. It will be understood that thepaper web formed on the drum 25 carries a substantial quantity of water out of the process and to replace this, water is taken through line 58 from the felt shower. The catch box 51 is provided with a suitable mechanism such as a floatoperated valvefor maintaining the quantity ofdrum 25 and the makeup water received from line 58 is pumped through line 58 which terminates in connection with a storage tank 88 designed to supply the beater |8 through line H. Lines 28 and leading respectively to the head box l8 and the drumshower 44 areconnected with line 58.v Additionally, a line 8| leads from line. 58 to the mixing box 22 for supplying additional quantities of water of dilution. Any water which is not taken through lines 28, 45 and 8| passes through a heater 82 which maintains the temperature of the water sumciently high to facilitate the paper-making process. As the principal quantity of this-water has been recirculated the amount of heat required for maintaining the process water at the proper temperature is sub,- stantially less than where fresh water is employed in the heaters.

The water'which accumulates in the drum 43 is taken through line to a tank 84 which serves the beater 21. Line 83. supplies the water of dilution passing through lines 31 and 48 and the wash water for the shower 48 which passes through line". Adjacent the tank 84 the line 83 passes through a suitable heater 85 which is similar in function to the heater 82 and maintains the water at an elevated temperature. Make-up water passes from the sewer line 5| to line 83, thereby replacing the water passing out of the process with the paper web The water employed in the felt shower preferably is clean water and as the felt is relatively clean the water passing through line 5| contains very little suspended matter. In employing this felt shower water as make-up water the concentration of impurities in the process is reduced and at the same time additional quantities of fibrous materials are saved.

The construction of the drum-washing devices 44 and 48' is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and as the construction of these devices'is the same, the same reference numerals will be employed in connection with the description thereof. The tanks 24 and 42 in which the drums 25 and 43 respectively are partly submerged are separated by a dam 88.

To the lines 45 and" which supply the water needed in the .shower are connected flexible rubber tubes 81. Tubes 81 lead to upper connections 88, the latter being joined to an inner pipe 88 which is slidably carried in a stationary outer guide pipe 18 extending transversely of the drums. The inner pipe 89 carries two nozzles 1| and 12 spaced apart a distance equal to half the length of the drums.

The outer guide pipe 18 is slotted to allow reciprocation of the nozzles 1| and 12 and also extends outwardly beyond the machine at one end as shown in Fig. 3. This end extension is slotted to allow reciprocation of the connection 88. A drive connection 18 is secured to the. end of the inner pipe 88 and passes upwardly through a longitudinally extending slot in the outer pipe 18.

To this drive connection is secured an upwardly extending arm 14, the latter being telescopically received in a sleeve arm 15, which is'pivotally mounted in the frame structure I8, as shown at 11. The upper end of arm 15 is slotted, as shown at 18 and carries a. slidably arranged drive rod 19, the latter being secured at 80 to a rotating disk 8|. Disk 8| is driven by means of motor 82 through belt 83 and suitable reducing gearing at a slow speed. It will be seen that as the disk 8| rotates the arm 15 is reciprocated, thereby moving the inner pipe 69 and the nozzles H and 12 trainsversely of the paper-making drums. The nozzle 12 serves one-half the drum while nozzle 1| serves the other half. Water in pressure passes out of the nozzles and sprays directly against the perforated drums. The nozzles are traveling during thewashing period and this seems materially to assist in the effectiveness of 'thewashing action. It is preferred to direct the nozzles at a downward angle with respect to the drums, which is more perpendicular than a radial line drawn through the nozzles.

The cylinder-washing device described is so eifective in cleaning the cylinders that the time formerly required for shutting down the machine and cleaning the cylinders with solvents and the like is saved. By employing a restricted spray nozzle in the manner described, the total amount of wash water employed in the process is greatly reduced over former practices. The washing operation is more effective by use of the device described and the process water moves through the system sufliciently fast to keep down bacterial action and reduce the tendency toward sliming which has been experienced heretofore. By reducing the amount of water employed in washing the drums and in returning the process water to the heaters, a substantial savings in the chemicals employed for sizing and other purposes is made.

The quantities of the chemicals added to the beater which are not absorbed by the paper fibre are returned to the beater so'that in providing for a new batch of material it is necessary only to add further quantities of chemicals to the extent sufficient to replace the absorbed quantities. In many cases the saving effected in the chemicals will be of the order of per cent.

In a preferred embodiment of the process, water from line 5| is carried to the supply line 49 for the felt showers. The supply of fresh water employed for washing the felt thereby may be limited to the volume of water withdrawn as make-up water for the paper process. In such a process there are two circulatory systems in which the felt-washing cycle introduces fresh water which partially is circulated and partially passed I 5 into the paper-making cycle. Fresh water is brought into the process at the felt shower and process water is withdrawn from the system incorporated in the paper web. Each cylinder is provided with its own circulatory system. That is, the process water from the filler drum is returned to the filler beater without admixture with the water of the liner system.

The shower nozzles for the paper machine cylinders are arranged so that each nozzle reaches a position adjacent the outside of the drum at one stage of the reciprocation. The reciprocal movement may be stopped at such positions, so that access may be had to the nozzles for cleaning. In traveling across the drum while the latter is rotating, the water from the nozzles washes the drum along narrow spiral bonds which may be of a width of the order of 1 or 2 inches, the relative motion of the cylinders and nozzles being such that different parts of the cylinders are served by the nozzles at each cycle of reciprocal movement, The relatively small openings in the nozzles greatly reduce the amount of water employed in washing the cylinders and allow for the use of a higher water pressure without requiring undue power consumption. A pressure of around 40 pounds and a volume of around 5 gallons per minute for each of the two nozzles of the cylinder showers has been found satisfactory.

Use of the cylinder-washing mechanism cuts down the amount of water entering the process and raises the concentration of the process water which is circulated in the manner described.

The process and apparatus may be changed in many respects from the forms described herein for purposes of explanation without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claim.

I claim:

In a paper-making process, the steps which include passing a slurry of fibre through a foraminous surface to form a web and slurry water, passing a felt adjacent said surface to take off said web, washing adhering fibres from said felt with fresh water, washing adhering fibres from said foraminous surface with a re stricted stream from a reciprocating spray, combining said slurry water and said foraminous surface wash water with a portion only of the felt wash water, adding a portion of said combined water to paper stock to form additional slurry, and returning a remaining portion of said combined wash and slurry water to the restricted stream from the reciprocating spray.

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